Talent management has become one of the most significant strategic functions of contemporary human resource management because organizations increasingly depend on highly skilled and motivated employees to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. Globalization, digital transformation, demographic changes, and rapid technological development have intensified competition for talented employees, making talent management a critical organizational capability rather than merely a human resource practice. The primary objective of this study is to examine the relationship between talent management, employee engagement, and organizational performance through both theoretical analysis and empirical investigation. The empirical research was conducted on a sample of 120 employees working in public and private sector organizations. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were applied to examine the relationships among the observed variables. The results indicate a statistically significant positive relationship between talent management and organizational performance (r = 0.62; p < 0.01). Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that talent management positively influences employee engagement, which contributes to improved organizational outcomes. The results support the assumption that organizations investing in employee development, career planning, leadership development, and retention strategies achieve higher levels of productivity, innovativeness, and overall organizational effectiveness.

Research Question (RQ): Start-up companies represent the support of the development of every economy. However, this is a more fragile part of the economy, because a large number of start-up companies fail in the first years of their development. The results of previous research indicate that there are several reasons for the failure of start-ups, and one of the key ones is the difficult application of innovations. In today's modern and turbulent times, in the embrace of globalization, innovations are an absolute must have. All companies that are not innovatively oriented are doomed to failure. Even large, multinational companies pay for the lack of innovation, so this is a signal to start-ups that investing in innovation is the most important thing in their budget. However, there are numerous challenges and obstacles in the application of innovations at start-ups. The main problem of the research is to detect what are the most important obstacles and challenges for the application of innovations in Bosnian start-ups, and by what methods it is possible to overcome them. Purpose: The main purpose of the research is to point out the obstacles and challenges faced by start-up companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina and to give adequate recommendations for start-ups as well as all interest groups, how to eliminate them effectively, in order to make the economy and business operations of the company more propulsive and proactive. Method: In the theoretical explanation of the problem, sufficient information contained in previous researches will be gathered, regarding the considered issue. Through empirical research, it will be determined what the most common types of obstacles are and challenges faced by start-ups in Bosnia and Herzegovina, what types of innovations are most often implemented in start-up companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina and which methods and ways can be used to overcome the mentioned obstacles. The research will be done on a sample of 10 start-up companies in BiH. Results: The results of the research will show what are the obstacles and challenges in the implementation of innovations recorded in the sample of observed start-ups, what types of innovations are most often implemented in start-ups in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and how to most effectively overcome obstacles in the implementation of innovations in start-ups, with the aim of their better and more successful business. Organization: Through research of this type, managers of start-ups (or those who intend to become one) can more easily identify the basic obstacles in the implementation of innovations in their business, and use the proposed methods to overcome them, in order to make their business more stable and sustainable. Society: Increasing the stability of start-ups brings long-term benefits for the entire society. Socially responsible business of start-ups can contribute to a better distribution of resources in society, which is desirable for all participants in society, but also for the environment. Originality: Research of this type represents one of the rare researches on start-ups in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is a pioneering research in the context of challenges and obstacles in the implementation of innovations at start-ups in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Limitations / further research: Limitations: small sample size, difficulties in data collection. Recommendations: research on the implementation of innovations according to the areas in which start-ups operate.

This paper’s primary aim is to examine the impact of managerialcompetencies on the performance of healthcareorganizations in Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a particularfocus on the role of middle management.Research Methodology: A quantitative research approachwas employed, and data were collected through a structuredquestionnaire designed to measure six key dimensionsof managerial competencies: leadership, strategicthinking, communication, decision-making, teamwork, andchange management. The construction of the questionnairewas based on previous relevant research and theoretical models of managerial competencies, with particularattention given to the models developed by Boyatzis (1982)and later expanded by Whetten and Cameron (2011), as wellas findings from research on healthcare management, suchas Calhoun et al. (2008) on competencies for healthcareleaders. The items were adapted to the specific context ofhealthcare institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and eachitem was rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1- Strongly Disagree;2-Disagree; 3 – Neutral; 4- Agree; 5- Strongly Agree).The questionnaire was distributed to a purposive sample of120 middle managers working in various healthcare institutionsacross Bosnia and Herzegovina. Data were collectedduring three months from January to April 2025. Descriptivestatistics were used for data analysis.Conclusion: The results indicate that communication andteamwork competencies were rated most positively and significantlycorrelated with organizational outcomes. In contrast,strategic thinking and change management receivedlower ratings. The instrument’s reliability was confirmedthrough high internal consistency (Cronbach α > 0.70).

Performance measurement in the health sector is essential. Research results so far show that studies have mainly focused on the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) design process rather than the implementation of the BSC. There is no agreement on the perspectives that should be adopted in healthcare. Regarding the implementation of the BSC, leadership, culture and communication are especially important. Subject of research. A systematic review of research on the application of the BSC model in healthcare. Aim. Understanding the evolution of the BSC model in healthcare. The aim is to define a model for measuring the achievement of development goals through perspectives. Method. Inductive method as a systematic method by which the analysis of individual facts leads to general conclusions. The deductive and comparative method is a systematic application of the deductive way of reasoning in which individual conclusions were reached from general judgments. Using the case study method, the results of this research were defined, that is, the key business indicators, grouped into 4 perspectives, which enable the operationalization of the strategic goals of the development of the healthcare organization. Results. The possibility is demonstrated. The paper provides further research opportunities regarding the stages suitable for the implementation of BSC in healthcare.

Introduction: The basic postulate of the lean concept is that greater efficiency of the work process can be achieved through a process of continuous improvement,which aims to eliminate waste and maximize activities that add value.The Netherlands, Great Britain, Italy and the United States were examples of healthcare systems that implemented the lean concept.Aim: To examine the opinion of health workers of a public hospital in the Sarajevo area about the possibilities of improving business processes by implementing thelean concept.Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire. The questionnaire was sent to the e-mail addresses of health workers of public health organizations. 91 respondents of both sexes (doctors ofmedicine, residents, registered nurses, nurses and administrative staff) were included.Results: A positive correlation was establishedin the attitude toward the effectiveness and efficiency of business processes. According to the participant’s opinion, the greater effectiveness of business processes contributes to greater efficiency (r=0.846; p<0,05). Spearman’s coefficient rs=0.81 shows a strong connection between the effectiveness and efficiency of business processes.Conclusion: The study showed that there is a positive attitude towards the impact of the lean concept on improving the efficiency of business processes. The reducexpected positive effects of the implementation of the lean concept are manifested through faster provision of services to patients, reduction of service waiting times and general improvement of business processes.

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Introduction. Lean principles have been successfully adapted to the healthcare environment, enabling hospitals and clinics to streamline their operations and focus on value as perceived by their patients. Many healthcare facilities have implemented lean principles to improve their efficiency. The subject of this paper is the lean concept, the essence of which is implementation of methods that affect the efficiency and quality of providing health services. Our aim was to point out the necessity of applying modern concepts in healthcare. Material and Methods. The primary sources of data were obtained through research on the opinions and possibility of applying the lean concept in hospitals in Bosnia and Herzegovina. We presented the results on the effectiveness of the lean concept in hospitals that apply it. Results. After implementation of the lean concept in an Italian hospital, the results showed a positive impact on the waiting time for admission, faster discharge, and faster flow of information. The results of the research in Bosnia and Herzegovina showed that there were positive attitudes towards the effects that would be achieved by implementing the lean concept. Conclusion. The implementation of the lean concept would reduce medical waste, which would positively affect the quality of health care services.

: Introduction Th e concept of the quality of healthcare services is constantly evolving and transforming depending on the interest in it and the level of involvement of medical sta ff and patients. Aim To assess patient satisfaction with the quality of health services in private practice condition. Methods 105 (n=105) subjects participated in the study, and it was conducted by an anonymous survey of the clinic which o ff ers medical services, tests, and diagnostic procedures in the fi elds of gynecology, internal medicine, surgery, radiology, urology, and neurology. Th e research was conducted among patients who used the health services of a private practice institution from January to September 2022. Th e patient questionnaire consisted of 14 questions. Five questions related to identifying the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents, and 9 questions were research questions of the Lickert type. For this purpose, the standardized Laschinger HCAHPS ( Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems ) questionnaire on patient satisfaction with the quality of healthcare services was used. Di ff erences in numerical variables were tested by Student’s t-test or analysis of variance (ANOVA). All P values are two-sided (p<0.05). Th e statistical program MedCalc Statistical Software version 18.2.1 was used for statistical analysis. Results Th e research was conducted on 105 patients, 28% of whom were male and 72% female. Most patients were in the age group of 61 to 70 years (30%). Patients are satis fi ed with the quality of healthcare services. Th e highest average score for reception and waiting time (4.9), the lowest score for being informed about upcoming interventions and treatments and professional approach (4.68). Conclusion Patients show a high degree of satisfaction with the general services provided.

Abstract The main goal of this paper is to examine the influence of macro factors and the degree of the exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) on aggregate and disaggregate import prices of the industrial sectors in the short- and long-run. The study is based on a model used by Campa and Goldberg (2002) and Campa et al. (2005). The ERPT is determined by applying the single equation and the cointegration approach (autoregressive distributed lag model [ARDL]), vector decomposition, and data over the period from 2002Q1 to 2016Q4. In the long-run, the ERPT is complete for the aggregate import and for the industrial sector beverages and tobacco. In the short-run, the ERPT is incomplete for the aggregate import and for majority of industrial sectors. Further, we have discovered that the degree of the ERPT is higher with heterogeneous products than with homogeneous products. Due to the inaccessibility of data for micro factors, we were not able to determine their effect on import prices. The results of our research can help economic policymakers to create adequate measures in the field of economic policies that will improve the competitiveness of the economy. Finally, this paper identified the effect of the volatility degree of the ERPT on the disaggregate import prices of industrial sectors that has not been sufficiently explored so far.

Introduction: Healthcare organizations are faced with numerous problems, including a chronic lack of financial resources. Aim: To determine the difference in familiarity with the standards related to the quality management system between the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of health care, to determine the difference in the implementation of the quality system; determine the connection between the implementation of the quality system and the satisfaction of service users – patient. Materials and methods: Statistical processing of all data from the survey questionnaire was performed in the SPSS 17.0 package (SPSS Inc.). The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05, and all confidence intervals are given at the 95% level. The normality of the distributions was checked by Shapiro-Wilk tests when the samples were smaller than n=30, and by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for larger samples. Given that in most cases they indicated statistically significant deviations from normal distributions, the median and interquartile ranges were used as measures of central tendency and dispersion. Mutual comparisons of all three levels of health activity were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test, with Bonferroni’s correction of the level of statistical significance. The survey questionnaire was sent to the addresses of a total of 110 BiH health institutions at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of health care. In the period June/July 2024, a total of 86 completed survey questionnaires were collected, which represents 76,18 % of all respondents. Conclusion: Research on a sample of primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina showed that the knowledge and application of the quality management system is still insufficient and points to the need to raise awareness of the importance of the application of the quality management system. Clinical hospital centers, as expected, given the application of the highest standard of medicine and the highest level of provision of health services, showed: greater knowledge of the importance of the quality management system and representation of quality assurance requirements of the ISO standard. The research also found that healthcare institutions that use international standards of quality management systems perform systematic monitoring of patient satisfaction with