EFFECT OF FARMYARD MANURE ON CONTAMINATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH
The most farms in the Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) raise live-stock and produce animal manure (solid or liquid farmyard manure, pig sludge or poultry manure). The problem is that the production, handling, transport and application of animal manures on most farms are not adequate. Because of wrong management of animal manures, they pose a significant source of environmental pollution, the greatest polluter in rural areas. The wrong application of animal manure on plant surface, especially that is eaten without cooking (salad, onion, tomato, strawberry), is the source of pathogen microbes wich may pollute plants. manure is a source of pathogen microbes wich may pollute water, plants and foodstuffs. most important among them are: protozoes (Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia sp.), bacteria (Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli o157:H7, Salmonella sp., and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, Brucellae, Bacilus antxracis), and various enteroviruses (poliovirus, coxsackie virus, echovirus, hepatitis A, rotavirus) The extension of environmental and food pollution by farmyard manures depends on the ways of animal manures production, storing, loading, transport and application. That pollution can be significantly reduced by proper manure management. Unfortunately, the improved methods of manure production and application are still not widely applied. The paper presents the ways how the environmental and foodstuffs pollution caused unproper manure management can be avoided.