Functional Test for Fetal Brain: The Role of KANET Test
Defining normal and abnormal fetal neurological function in utero in order to better predict antenatally which fetuses are at risk for adverse neurological outcome has remained a great challenge in perinatal medicine. Fetal behavioral patterns have been considered as indicators of fetal brain development. It has been suggested that the assessment of fetal behavior in different periods of gestation may make possible the distinction between normal and abnormal brain development. Advances in ultrasound technology and particularly the introduction of real time four-dimensional (4D) ultrasonography, allowed direct observation of in utero life and offered a new insight for the assessment of fetal behavior. Fetal behavioral movements, the full range of facial expressions and mobility of fetal upper and lower extremities and fingers can be clearly visualized with 4D ultrasound. A new scoring system for the assessment of fetal neurobehavior based on prenatal assessment of the fetus with 4D sonography has been developed based on the same technique that neonatologists assess newborns during the first days of their postnatal life. This overview focuses on the study of fetal behavior and neurological assessment with 4D ultrasound.