PROTECTIVE AND SAFETY MEASURES AGAINST NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF TRAFFIC NOISE – A REVIEW
Noise represents any unwanted sound that interferes with a person's work, psychological and health condition, and their rest time. Numerous studies indicate that noise affects changes in human behavior (aggression, social conflicts) and causes stress reactions associated with physiological reactions. It also affects the central and neurovegetative system, reduces attention and concentration ability, reduces work ability, and reduces work productivity. Noise pollution is a major environmental health problem in Europe, with the transport sector being its main cause. The noise level is mostly affected by the number of vehicles, traffic flow, relative share of passenger and freight vehicles, their speed, types and characteristics of the road, whether the traffic is one-way or two-way, intersections, weather conditions, etc. In order to adequately protect against the negative effects of traffic noise, it is necessary to take various measures to reduce it. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature with special measures for the protection, monitoring and reduction of the negative impact of traffic noise. Keywords: traffic, traffic noise, protection measures, noise barriers