Genotype Association with Sport Activity: The Impact of ACE and ACTN3 Gene Polymorphism on Athletic Performance
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of genes that have an impact on athletic performance. In recent years, there is a visible progress in molecular biology techniques, which facilitate researches in the field of genetics related to the sport performance. The paper focuses on 2 genes which are most intensively studied in relation to the athletic ability – angiotensine I-converting enzyme (ACE) and alpha-actinin 3 (ACTN3). There are shown results from many researches, and they indicate that genetic factors have effect on sports performance, but also impact of training and environment is important. With new approaches, new polymorphisms are discovered, so research of this area of genetics is still in progress. KeywordsAthletic Performance; Genetics; Polymorphism; Genotype; Endurance; Strength; ACE; ACTN3.