The role of torque in root canal instrumentation running head: torque in root canal shaping
Root canal instrumentation is essential for the success of endodontic treatment. Among the various factors that influence the effectiveness of instrumentation, torque is particularly important. Adjusting the torque during root canal instrumentation not only improves dentin cutting efficiency but also decreases the potential for instrument fracture, canal transportation, or perforation. This paper explores the role of torque in endodontics, including its definition, measuring methods, effects on instrumentation, and implications for clinical outcomes. It specifically examines the parameters that influence torque generation during root canal instrumentation.