National culture and technological entrepreneurial orientation: A study utilising Hofstede's theoretical framework

Background: The expansive advancement of technology has prompted scholars to investigate the links between external factors that influence the success of technology-based entrepreneurs, with particular emphasis on the link between national culture and technological entrepreneurial orientation. Purpose: This paper examines the relationship between national culture and technological entrepreneurial orientation during the early stages of entrepreneurial activity, utilizing Hofstede's national culture dimensions as a theoretical framework. Study design/methodology/approach: The empirical analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression, based on data obtained from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) database. The sample comprises 8,000 participants from Southeastern Europe. Findings/conclusions: The research findings indicate a statistically significant relationship between national culture and technological entrepreneurial orientation. A similar standard of living, associated with a lower index of power distance, is positively linked to technological entrepreneurial orientation, whereas the perception of entrepreneurship as a desirable professional career, typical of an individualistic society, is statistically significant but negatively associated with technological entrepreneurial orientation. A lower index of Power distance encourages innovativeness and efficiency in entrepreneurial ventures within high-tech sectors; conversely, Individualistic societies lead to a greater prevalence of enterprises in low-tech sectors. Limitations/future research: A group of drivers of technological entrepreneurial orientation was examined. We recommend that future research, in addition to national culture, also considers other factors, such as individual or sociodemographic factors.