Surveys for grapevine yellows phytoplasmas in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Surveys were conducting in autumn 2004, 2006 and summer 2005 and 2007 in the traditional areas dedicated to grapevine cultiva- tion in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim is to monitor the presence and distribution of grapevine yellows phytoplasmas diseases and asses the presence and distribution of Scaphoideus titanus vector of 'Candidatus phytoplasma vitis'. The presence of phyto- plasmas in plant samples and their identification was carried out by symptom observations in the field, nested polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses. The first laboratory analyses showed the presence of phytoplasma belonging to 16SrXII group, subgroup A. Presence of S. titanus was confirmed in the southern district of the country.