Monitoring and Quantification of Omeprazole Synthesis Reaction by In-Line Raman Spectroscopy and Characterization of the Reaction Components
The development of a quantitative in-line Raman spectroscopic method for the monitoring of the active pharmaceutical ingredient, omeprazole synthesis reaction, and characterization of the reaction components is described. In-line monitoring was performed both with Fourier transform and dispersive Raman spectrometers. Prior to reaction monitoring, the reaction components were characterized off-line by means of Raman and NMR spectroscopy, both in solution and in solid state. To unequivocally confirm the presence of each component in the reaction mixture, a state of the art LC-SPE/NMR methodology was also used. Owing to its higher sensitivity, dispersive Raman spectroscopy was further employed for quantification purposes. The spectroscopic measurements and the complementary HPLC analyses, used in the calibration development, were gathered from a set of experiments, performed at a 1 L scale. On the basis of the data set obtained from the calibration experiments, a predictive partial least-squares (PLS) regres...