Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients from Zenica-Doboj Canton

Diabetes type 1 and 2 carry the risk of chronic diabetic complications including microvascular disease (microangiopathy), which is specific to diabetes and macrovascular disease (macroangiopathy). Microangiopathic changes affect renal glomerulus and small blood vessels in the retina and nerves, causing diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic neuropathy, although the cause of diabetic neuropathy may not only be disease of small blood vessels. Goal: To assess the prevalence of chronic diabetic complications of the kidneys in the two time periods studied in diabetic populations. Materials and Methods: The study involved a group of 300 patients with clinical and laboratory earlier clearly diagnosed diabetes. Reviews, interviews, and provided laboratory testing were performed in all subjects in the two time periods 1999 and 2004. (Diabetes type 1–62 patients, type 2–238). Results: The average duration of diabetes in the examined 58 type 1 diabetic patients accounted for 12.57 years and in the 220 type 2 diabetic patients 13.24 years. The total sample studied has the average duration of diabetes for 13.07 years. In the group of type 2 diabetic patients, women had significantly longer average duration of diabetes than men. From the total sample in 1999 years microalbuminuria had 27.3% of our respondents and in 2004. 49.6%. Proteinuria in 1999 had 9.3% of our respondents in 2004 13.3%. In type 1 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria was not significantly different in the two investigated years. Evident is a significant increase in type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria in 2004 compared to 1999. Also evident is a significant increase in the number of diabetics in the total sample with microangiopathy in 2004 compared to 1999. Registered is a significant increase in the number of women with microalbuminuria in 2004 compared to 1999. Statistically significantly higher number of men studied had microalbuminuria in 2004 compared to 1999. Terminal renal failure had 2.2% of our respondents in 1999 and in 2004 year 7.2%. Statistically significantly higher number of diabetic patients studied had terminal renal failure in 2004 compared to 1999. Conclusion: In the tested sample we had a statistically significantly higher values increased an average cratinaemia in 2004 compared to 1999, a larger number of subjects with microalbuminuria and terminal renal failure. Based on this conclusion there is need for more intensive work on the prevention of diabetic nephropathy