The occurrence of fungi Gaeumannomyces graminis (Sacc.) von Arx et Olivier of wheat during 2015 in B&H.
In 2015, wheat fields on the territory of Una-Sana Canton (northwestern Bosnia) were regularly inspected. Occurrence of Gaeumannomyces graminis (Sacc.) von Arx et Olivier (syn. Ophiobolus graminis Sacc.) was registered in a large number of localities. In vegetation period, symptoms characteristic for this fungus were observed on spike and roots. The fungus G. graminis was isolated from a large number of collected wheat samples which were analyzed in the laboratory by the conventional method. In 2015, presence of the pathogen was registered on 12.8% of the wheat acreage. Infection intensity above 15 was registered on 16 % of the infected acreage and 2% of the total wheat aceage. After harvest, infected wheat grains were measured for absolute and hectoliter weights, which were found to range from 26 to 40 g and from 63 to 68 kg, respectively. To improve the effectiveness of crop protection, it is necessary to apply the required agricultural practices (long-term crop rotation, control of volunteer wheat and grassy weeds, plowing under of harvest residues, balanced fertilization) and treat wheat seed with fungicides from the groups of benzimidazoles, triazoles and triadimenoles. Biological protection is possible with bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens and fungi Trichoderma viridis.