Knowledge, attitudes and practices among the youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina relevant for reproductive health

Introduction. The aim of this study was to investigate the sexual behavior, attitudes and knowledge on contraception, sexually transmitted infections and reproductive health among the youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Material and Methods. A prospective study included a sample of 6.000 subjects, aged 19 - 24, of both sexes, investigating the sexual behavior of the youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the period 2007 - 2009. Results. Of the interviewed examinees, 61% were sexually active, of which 56.4% had sexual intercourse with one partner (z = 28.51; p < 0.001). The average age of sexarche was significantly lower in males 17.34 ± 1.77 years, than in females 18.20 ± 1.84 years (z = -14.44; p < 0.001). Contraception was used by 67.6% at first intercourse, and by 70.4% at the last intercourse. The most common method of contraception was male condom (74%), coitus interruptus (11.1%), and oral hormonal contraceptives (14.9%). The examined subjects had inadequate knowledge (51.6%) about contraceptive methods, and it was significantly higher in males (64.6%) than in females (42.2%) (z = 10.17; p < 0.001). Some 4.9% of the sexually active females had intentional abortions. Up to 51.7% of females had never had a pelvic examination, and Pap test was done by 37.2%. The examinees obtained information about contraception and sexually transmitted infections from peers 50.7% and parents 9.7%. Only 28% of females had a positive attitude towards oral hormonal contraceptives. Conclusion. The interviewed young people in Bosnia and Herzegovina keep traditional sexual behavior patterns, attitudes and practices. However, more effort should be put into the improvement of knowledge on contraception, sexually transmitted infections, and healthcare protection.