PRIMJENA ALTERNATIVNIH GORIVA U CILJU SMANJENJA EMISIJE ZAGAĐIVAČA KOD CESTOVNIH VOZILA
One of the most influential factors in the process of environmental pollution is road transport, i.e. emission of gaseous pollutants from road vehicles. An especially pronounced problem is the air pollution in urban areas, with a high concentration of road vehicles having very different driving regimes. The largest influence on pollutants emission of road vehicles is that of: − Technical and technological solutions used in internal combustion engines, which is directly connected with the given vehicle's particular year of production, − Engine type, − Fuel type and quality, − Vehicles concentration and use in certain areas, − Driving regimes, etc. For the purpose of getting a complete image of influences of road vehicles on pollutants emission, we have analyzed pollutants emission in an urban area with 100,000 registered vehicles, 60 % of which had diesel engines, with quite unfavorable age structure. The results have been compared with similar results in the Western European countries. Also, a review of modern technical accomplishments used in conventionally fueled vehicles for satisfying the European environmental legislation has been done in this paper. A special attention has been paid to alternative fuels, with the emphasis on the presently used fuels. Technical solution for the utilization of natural gas, as a very promising alternative fuel, and its influence on pollutants emission, has also been presented.