Distribution and threats to the populations of Caliaeschna microstigma (Schneider, 1845) at the western edge of its range
The distribution of Caliaeschna microstigma in Europe is small and restricted only to the Balkans. As in the last years its populations are declining, the species is classified as near threatened (NT) in the European and the Mediterranean Red List. In Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia the species reaches its north-west edge of distribution. It occures only in the Mediterranean region inhabiting springs, fast flowing streams and small rivers. These habitats are critically endangered by the human activities and climate change. In Croatia the species is classified as critically endangered (CR), while in Bosnia and Herzegovina Red List still does not exist thus the species is not protected. As population trends of the species are still insufficiently known, the research on the distribution and threats to the populations of C. microstigma in the West Balkan region (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Macedonia) was conducted. The first phase of the research covered localities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Macedonia and has revealed more detailed and wider distribution of the species. Its habitat preferences in the researched area were inspected as well. However, it was also recorded that these habitats are highly and primarly endangered by the plans of placing the additional hydro power plants and the water extraction projects. Our work will contribute to the development of monitoring and protection plans and long term conservation of C. microstigma in the West Balkan countries.