Rhynchosporium secalis: On the territory of Una-Sana Canton (B&H)
In 2010. and 2011, barley fields on the territory of Una-Sana Canton (northwestern Bosnia) were regularly inspected. In addition to the common diseases, occurrence of Rhynchosporiumsecalis (Oudem.) J. Davis, (Syn. Rhynchosporium graminicola Heinsen) was registered in a large number of localities. The typical symptoms were visible on the leaves, the smaller of the branches of leaf. On the reverse of leaves emerged gray-white coating, composed of konidiofora and the conidia. The fungus R. secalis was detected on a large number of collected barley samples which were analyzed in the laboratory by the conventional method. In 2010, infection symptoms were found at 70% of the barley acreage, in 2011. at 55% of the acreage. The intensity of infection higher than 70% was registered in 20.9% of the infected acreage for winter barley, and 18.3% for spring. The computed severity coefficients of noxiousness ranged from 28 to 59. The lowest coefficient was established for the cultivar Matej, the highest for the cultivar Novosadski 313. After harvest, infected barley grains were measured for absolute and hectoliter weights, which were found to range from 25 to 43 g and from 51 to 63 kg respectively. To improve the effectiveness of crop protection, it is necessary to apply the required agricultural practices: long-term crop rotation, control of wild barley and grassy weeds, plowing under of harvest residues, balanced fertilizzation and treat barley with fungicides from the groups of karbendazimes, propikonazoles and triadimefonales.