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10. 2. 2022.
Leptoquarks with exactly stable protons
We explore a novel mechanism to restrict TeV-scale leptoquark interactions and render the proton exactly stable to all orders in the effective field theory expansion. A scalar condensate breaks a lepton-flavored U(1) X gauge symmetry in the ultraviolet and generates neutrino masses, leaving a discrete Z 9 or Z 18 gauge symmetry in the infrared, forbidding ∆ B = 1 processes. This provides an elegant framework to address the flavour anomalies and can be adapted to many other new-physics models. The U(1) X can emerge from a gauge–flavour unified SU(12) × SU(2) × SU(2) theory at even higher energies.