Cardiomyopathies
Cardiomyopathies are diseases of the heart muscle, and present a heterogeneous group of myocardial diseases with mechanical or electrical dysfunction, characterized by ventricular hypertrophy or dilatation. They can be strictly related to the heart muscle (primary), or as part of a systemic disease (secondary), and represent a factor that leads to a reduced quality of life, the occurrence of heart failure and mortality. The primary ones are those that are genetic conditioning, the mixed ones include dilated and restrictive cardiomyopathy, and the acquired ones are caused by myocarditis, stress-induced, peripartum, tachycardia-induced and those caused by endocrine pathology (primarily in newborns of mothers with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus). Etiologically, they can arise as a result of a genetic mutation, an inflammatory process, and they are also divided into metabolic, toxic and those caused by some other cause. The aim of the article was to present the characteristics of cardiomyopathies themselves in relation to the etiological factor, with review of the diagnostic and therapeutic modality.