[Ibn al-Nefis--discoverer of pulmonary blood circulation].
Medicine was developed to an astonishingly high degree by Muslims. During at least five centuries Muslim physicians translated medical books from Greek and other languages, and with their descriptions of the clinical signs of many illnesses, many of the ideas and concepts contained in medical encyclopedias (like al-Qanun written by Avicenna), passed it to the West and East. One of the greatest Muslim physician was undoubtedly Ibn al-Nefis (d.1288), who first accurately described the circulation of blood through the lung (in XVI century the credit went to Michel Servet), and body (in 1628 the credit went to W. Harvey), and author of the famous Excerpt of al-Qanun, written by Avicenna.