Early chronic kidney disease in relation to body mass index in high risk outpatients
The r enal damage is an emerging complication of excess weight. Aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in subjects depending on their weight and the influence of body mass index (BMI) on glomerular filtration (GF) rate decline in outpatients with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus type 2. Methods: This observational, cross sectional, pilot study included 200 adult patients suffering from hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus type 2 from March 2012. to March 2013. in the Institute for Occupational Medicine of Canton Sarajevo. Renal function was evaluated by using MDRD equation and measurement of microalbuminuria and proteinuria in 24 - hour urine, using nefelometric method at the Institute of Clinical Biochemistry of the University Clinical Center in Sarajevo K/DOQI classification was used to define the stages of CKD. Results: Of the total 200 patients (62.5% male; mean age of 52.46 ± 8.2 years) most of them had a BMI of 25 - 30 (n=99; 49.5%). Most patients with a body mass index above 30 suffered from hypertension associated with diabetes mellitus type 2 (n=23; 34.3%, p<0.05). The average values of BMI were statistically higher in men than in women (29.16±4.4 vs. 27.76±3.7). Early CKD was found in 118 patients (59.0%), mostly those with a BMI above 30 (63.8%). Conclusion: Early detection of CKD in primary care should definitely be a priority, especially in high - risk patients. It is also necessary to increase work on the prevention of obesity in order to prevent disease progression.