Irreversibility of the Direct and Counter Impinging Liquid Jet onto Profiled Heated Cavity
Liquid impinging jet at the bottom of the annular cavity is a typical case in the process industry. The jet could have an impact at the bottom center or its peripheral section. The profiled annular cylindrical cavity with the installed electricity heater source is investigated in this paper. Thermal contact irreversibility and liquid drag irreversibility are generated within the profiled cavity. Through analytical modeling and experimental verification, a valid model of the entropy generation is established for both states. The results show that the total entropy between the liquid and the bottom is many times greater for the case of the central jet impingement. Within the annular vertical walls are the locations of the maximum or minimum of the entropy. The effectiveness of the liquid heating is greater in the peripheral impact of the liquid. The method and the results are the basis for optimizing the profiled cavity in various optimization geometry parameters. The optimal geometry of the annular cavity exists in such a way that the balance between thermal irreversibility and liquid drag irreversibility leads to the total minimum rate of the entropy generation for the annular cavity.