Massive MIMO: Design, Application and Challenges
In this paper we present an overview of massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology and its most important concepts. The concepts analysed in the paper include: beamforming, antenna parameters, pilot contamination and modulation. The paper provides the guidelines for achieving a good design of antenna array and beamforming, and proposals to address the challenges faced by the massive MIMO technology. The main advantages of the massive MIMO technology include significantly improved network throughput and lower latency, which is why the massive MIMO is expected to be used in the architecture of various systems. The paper presents examples of the application of massive MIMO technology.